1000
1000i
1800
1800i
Owner’s Manual
Xantrex
Sine Wave Inverter
1000/1800
English
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
Table of Contents
Important Safety Instructions .............................................................................................................................................................................................1
1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Sine Wave Inverter Key Features ........................................................................................................................................................................3
2. Installation ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Requirements for Installation ...............................................................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Locating the Sine Wave Inverter ..........................................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 Mounting the Sine Wave Inverter .........................................................................................................................................................................4
2.4 Wiring the Sine Wave Inverter..............................................................................................................................................................................5
2.4.1 Input and Output Protection ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.4.2 Making AC Wiring Connections ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
2.4.3 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) ......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.4.4 Making DC Wiring Connections ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3. Sine Wave Inverter Operation .......................................................................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Principles of Operation ........................................................................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Output Waveform ................................................................................................................................................................................................9
3.3 Control Panel .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.4 Sine Wave POWERSAVE Mode ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.5 Inverter Operating Limits and Protection Features ............................................................................................................................................. 11
4. Testing ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
5. Troubleshooting Guide ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1 Fault Conditions and Indicators ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12
6. Warranty .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7. Appendices ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14
7.1 Battery Type....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
7.2 Battery Size ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
8. Performance Graphs .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
8.1 Power Derating Curve ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
8.2 Efficiency Curve ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
9. Specifications ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
English
SUPERIOR, PACER are registered trademarks of TROJAN BATTERY Company
SEAVOLT, SEAGEL are registered trademarks of WEST MARINE PRODUCTS
VOYAGER is a registered trademark of DELCO-REMY
GENESIS is a registered trademark of GATES ENERGY PRODUCTS (HAWKER ENERGY)
EVOLYTE is a registered trademark of GNB INDUSTRIAL BATTERY CO.
PREVAILER is a registered trademark of SONNENSCHEIN
Notice of Copyright
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter 1000, 1000i/1800, 1800i Owner’s Manual © June 2005
Xantrex International. All rights reserved.
Xantrex is a registered trademark of Xantrex International.
Disclaimer
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC.
(“XANTREX”)
(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR
SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS
MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.
(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE,
WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH
MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY
SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.
Date and Revision
June 2005, Revision A
Part Number
445-0049-01-01
Contact Information
Web: www.xantrex.com
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 1-800-670-0707 (in North America) 1-360-925-5097 (outside North America)
Fax: 1-360-925-5143
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
English 1
Important Safety Instructions
General Safety Precautions
1. SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS. This OWNER’S
MANUAL contains important safety and operating
information for the Sine Wave Inverter.
2. Do not expose the Sine Wave Inverter to rain, snow,
spray, bilge or dust. To reduce risk of fire hazard, do
not cover or obstruct the ventilation openings. Do
not install the Sine Wave Inverter in a zero-clearance
compartment. Overheating may result.
3. Do not use attachments not recommended or sold
by Xantrex. Doing so may result in a risk of fire,
electric shock, or injury to persons.
4. The Sine Wave Inverter is designed to be permanently
connected to your DC electrical systems (and for
hardwire versions, permanently connected to your
AC electrical system). To ensure adherence to proper
electrical wiring regulations all wiring must be done
by a certified technician or electrician.
5. To avoid a risk of fire and electric shock, make sure
that existing wiring is in good electrical condition;
and that wire size is not undersized. Do not operate
the Sine Wave Inverter with damaged or substandard
wiring.
6. Do not operate the Sine Wave Inverter if it has
received a sharp blow, been dropped, or otherwise
damaged in any way. If the Sine Wave Inverter has
been damaged, refer to Section 6 of this manual.
7. Do not disassemble the Sine Wave Inverter; refer to
Section 6 of this manual for instructions on obtaining
service for the Sine Wave Inverter. Attempting to
service the unit yourself may result in a risk of
electrical shock or fire.
8. To reduce risk of electrical shock, disconnect the
DC power (and AC power if applicable on hardwire
versions) from the Sine Wave Inverter before
attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working
on any equipment and circuits connected to the Sine
Wave Inverter. Turning off controls will not reduce
this risk.
9. Grounding: The Sine Wave Inverter must be provided
with an equipment-grounding conductor connected
to the AC input ground terminal. Grounding and all
other wiring must comply with local codes and
ordinances.
10. For marine applications, special installation codes
may apply. For example, in the U.S., the installation
shall comply with the United States Coast Guard
Electrical Regulations (33CFR183, Sub part 1).
Explosive Gas Precautions
1. This equipment contains components which can
produce arcs or sparks. To prevent fire or explosion
do not install in compartments containing batteries
or flammable materials or in locations which require
ignition protected equipment.This includes any
space containing gasoline-powered machinery, fuel
tanks, or joints, fittings, or other connection between
components of the fuel system.
2. Working in the vicinity of a lead-acid battery is
dangerous. Batteries generate explosive gases during
normal battery operation.
3. To reduce the risk of battery explosion, follow these
instructions and those published by the battery
manufacturer and the manufacturer of the equipment
in which the battery is installed.
Precautions When Working With
Batteries
1. Someone should be within range of your voice or
close enough to come to your aid when you work
near a lead-acid battery.
2. Have plenty of fresh water and soap nearby in case
battery acid contacts skin, clothing, or eyes.
3. Wear complete eye protection and clothing
protection. Avoid touching eyes while working near
batteries.
4. Clean battery terminals before making connections.
Wear eye protection to keep corrosion from coming
in contact with eyes.
5. If battery acid contacts skin or clothing, wash
immediately with soap and water. If acid enters eye,
immediately flood eye with running cold water for
at least 20 minutes and get medical attention
immediately.
6. NEVER smoke or allow a spark or flame in vicinity
of battery or engine.
7. Do not drop a metal tool on the battery. The resulting
spark or short-circuit on the battery or other electrical
part may cause an explosion.
8. Remove personal metal items such as rings,
bracelets, necklaces, and watches when working
with a lead-acid battery. A lead-acid battery produces
a short-circuit current high enough to weld a ring or
the like to metal, causing a severe burn.
WARNING
Before you install and use your Sine Wave
Inverter, be sure to read and save these
safety instructions.
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
2 English Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
English 3
1. Introduction
Thank you for your purchase of this Xantrex Sine
Wave Inverter. As a high quality, true sine wave output
inverter, you can expect exceptional performance and
years of dependable operation. The true sine wave AC
output from the inverter ensures all AC loads operating
from the unit perform efficiently and correctly. Since these
loads were designed to operate from true sine wave voltage,
you can expect these loads to operate the same as if
operating from grid/utility supplied power. In some cases,
the true sine wave output from the Xantrex inverter is
even superior to the power supplied by your utility
company.
To get the most out of your Sine Wave Inverter, carefully
read and follow the instructions in this guide. Pay special
attention to the Important Safety Instructions and to the
CAUTION and WARNING statements found throughout
the manual and on the product. Please retain all packaging.
Should you have any questions before, during, or after
installation, please contact Xantrex.
Phone:1-800-670-0707, 1-360-925-5097 (direct)
Fax:1-360-925-5143
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.xantrex.com
1.1 Sine Wave Inverter Key Features
The Sine Wave Inverter utilizes advanced high frequency
switching technology in the power conversion process.
The circuits are similar to those used in power supplies
for computers and other electronic equipment. This
technology offers several benefits:
•Light weight: for easy installation
•Totally silent: for quiet operation
•High surge capability: for “hard-to-start” AC loads
See Section 10 (Specifications) for complete product
specifications.
1.1.1 Inverter Function
When connected properly and the power switch is turned
to the (I) position, the inverter draws power from a battery
and delivers a true sine wave AC output voltage. If the
battery voltage is within the operating range of the unit,
the inverter will continue to deliver AC power to the
loads connected. High and low battery shutdowns will
engage if the battery voltage falls out of the specified
range of operation (10–16 VDC on 12 V models, 20–32
VDC on 24 V models).
1.1.2 Control Panel
The Control Panel displays operating information so you
can monitor the status of the Inverter and your batteries.
This panel can be removed and re-attached in different
orientations so the information is directed at you in the
most convenient fashion, for all recommended mounting
configurations. With the optional Interface Panel, the
display can be fully removed from the base chassis and
remotely located in the place of your choice (e.g. on the
dash of your vehicle).
1.1.3 Automatic Transfer Switch
Your Sine Wave Inverter may be equipped with a transfer
relay if specified prior to purchase. The transfer relay serves
two purposes: 1) allows the AC output of the inverter to
be wired into an existing AC system as a source of power
and 2) allows the Sine Wave Inverter to automatically
become the source of power should your utility source
fail.
When utility AC power fails, the transfer relay is de-
energized and the load is automatically transferred to the
inverter output within 20–30 milliseconds. With the
POWERSAVE feature enabled (recommended for reducing
standby power consumption), AC output from the inverter
may be delayed for up to 2½ seconds. Once AC utility is
restored, the relay energizes and the load is automatically
reconnected to AC utility.
Identifying Models With Transfer Switches
1) Check the UPC code on the product box. Units with
transfer switches have UPC codes that end with these five
digits:
2) If there is an AC outlet on the front of the unit, it is
not equipped with an internal transfer switch.
3) For Sine Wave Inverters with hardwire connections, you
can identify whether your unit has an internal transfer
switch by removing the cover on the AC wiring
compartment and checking the label above the terminal
block inside.
If your unit has a label similar to one of these two labels,
it has an internal transfer switch:
Units with this label do not have an internal transfer
switch:
i0001/0001ledoMi0081/0081ledoM
4801648816
4701647816
2501625816
8001680816
2001620816
WARNING
Note that in (##
##
#) (Bypass) position the front
panel switch does NOT turn off all voltages
inside the unit. This control only deactivates
the AC conversion circuitry. On AC hardwire/
transfer relay versions any utility voltage
present on the AC input terminals will be
present on the AC output terminals.
Please record the following information if you need
to contact Xantrex for servicing of the unit.
Serial No.: ___________________________
Place of purchase: ___________________________
Date of purchase: ___________________________
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
4 English Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
2. Installation
This section contains instructions for installing the Xantrex
Sine Wave Inverter. After securing the unit and making
wiring connections, do not turn the unit on. Proceed to
the next section of the manual which provides operating
instructions.
2.1 Requirements for Installation
Installation Regulations: Depending on the type of
location in which you are installing the Sine Wave Inverter,
there are different codes and regulations that the
installation must meet such as your national and local
electrical codes for residential installations. Other examples
of codes and regulations for North American installations
include:
•US Coast Guard and ABYC requirements for
installations on marine vessels
•RV Industry Association (RVIA), CSA, and UL
requirements for installations in recreational vehicles.
It is the installer´s responsibility to ensure that all
applicable installation requirements are met.
What You Need to Install the Sine Wave Inverter
You need the following tools and hardware to properly
install the inverter:
•wire stripper
•mounting screws/bolts (¼” or 6mm diameter screws)
•small flat blade screwdriver (for hardwire versions)
•small Phillips screwdriver
•wrench for DC terminals (½” or 13mm)
•AC wiring for hardwire configured models (see AC
wiring section for details)
•DC cables (see DC wiring section for details)
•Wire connectors and crimp tool for your DC cables
•AC and DC disconnects and over-current protective
devices (see section 2.4.1 for details)
2.2 Locating the Sine Wave Inverter
The inverter utilizes complex electronic circuits, and
although design precautions have been made for protection
of these circuits, they can be susceptible to damage from
use in extreme environments. The Sine Wave Inverter
should only be installed in a location that meets the
following requirements:
• Dry: do not allow water or other fluids to drip or splash
on the Sine Wave Inverter. Do not mount the inverter in
an area subject to splashing or dripping water or bilge.
• Cool: normal ambient air temperature should be between
0°C (32°F) and 25°C (77°F)—the cooler the better within
this range. Refer to the operating temperature information
in section 9 (specifications) for more details.
• Ventilated: allow at least 5 inches (13 cm) of clearance
all around the unit. Ensure the ventilation openings on the
unit are not obstructed. If mounting in a compartment,
ventilate with louvers or cut-outs.
• Safe: do not install the Sine Wave Inverter in the same
compartment as batteries or in any compartment capable
of storing flammable liquids such as gasoline. Do not
install the inverter in an engine compartment or other
location where ignition protected equipment is required.
• Dust-free: do not install the Sine Wave Inverter in a
dusty environment where either dust, wood particles or
other filings/shavings are present. These can be pulled
into the unit when the cooling fan is operating.
• Close to AC junction box: avoid the use of extended
wire lengths if possible.
• Close to battery/batteries: Avoid excessive cable
lengths but do not install the Sine Wave Inverter in the
same compartment as batteries. Use the recommended
wire lengths and sizes (see section 2.4.4). Also do not
mount the inverter where it will be exposed to the gases
produced by the battery. These gases are very corrosive
and prolonged exposure will damage the inverter.
• Protected from battery acid: never allow battery acid
to drip on the Sine Wave Inverter or its wiring when
reading specific gravity or filling the battery.
2.3 Mounting the Sine Wave Inverter
Before mounting the Sine Wave Inverter, test the chosen
location for adequate space around the unit to allow for
connections and ventilation. Mounting hardware should
be corrosion resistant and ¼” or 6mm diameter screws.
Your mounting system should be able to support three
times the weight of the inverter, which weighs
approximately 16 lbs (7.3Kg). The more clearance for
ventilation around the unit, the better the performance.
At a minimum, have 5” of free space on all sides of the
inverter.
To mount the Sine Wave Inverter
1. Mount the Sine Wave Inverter on either a horizontal
or vertical surface (such as a bulkhead) using the
mounting holes provided. For secure, permanent
CAUTION
The Sine Wave Inverter is designed to be
permanently connected to your DC electrical
system. When Configured as an AC hardwire
version, the inverter is also designed to be
permanently connected to your AC electrical
system. To ensure adherence to proper
electrical wiring regulations, all wiring must be
done by a certified technician or electrician.
Figure 1. Approved orientations for
inverter mounting
WARNING
Review the Important Safety Instructions found
at the beginning of this manual and read this
entire section, paying particular attention to the
CAUTION and WARNING statements, before
proceeding with the installation.
English 5
mounting, use all eight mounting holes. To meet
regulatory requirements, the inverter must be
mounted in one of the three orientations shown below.
2. Remove and re-attach the front panel depending on
the orientation of the base unit itself. For example, if
the unit is mounted on a vertical surface, you may
want to remove the panel and attach it so it is again
readable horizontally. This can be done by removing
the four screws, taking the panel out of the housing,
rotating the panel and reattaching the panel to the
base unit. Be sure to re-install all four screws.
3. The front panel can also be remotely located away
from the base chassis. Simply remove the panel from
the face of the unit, install the interface panel option
(purchased separately) and connect the 30 ft. (9 m)
extension cord. The cord can then be run to the
location where the panel is to be mounted, and
attached to the panel. The unit can now be controlled
and monitored from the location of your choice. Do
not remotely mount the display panel without
purchasing the Interface Panel option and properly
installing this panel on the inverter. The Interface
Panel significantly reduces radiated interference
generated along the length of the cable, decreasing
the chance of resulting interference with other
equipment.
2.4 Wiring the Sine Wave Inverter
For units equipped with an AC outlet:
If your Sine Wave Inverter is equipped with an AC
outlet on the front, then you will be mainly interested in
the DC wiring instructions that follow (section 2.4.4).
Once your DC connections and ground wiring connection
are complete, the unit is ready to deliver AC power.
For AC hardwire versions:
If your unit is equipped with an AC hardwire terminal
strip, (with or without transfer relay) then the following
AC wiring instructions are important for you to read
through. When hardwire configured, the inverter manages
all AC power and therefore must be wired in between
any utility connection and distribution panel.
As a starting point for the wiring instructions, here is a
brief summary of the wiring sequence for hardwire
configured inverters. Please thoroughly read the remainder
of the wiring instructions (section 2.4.2) which details
each wiring step and follows the Input and Output
Protection section:
1. Ensure the (##
##
#/I) control panel switch is in the (##
##
#)
position. For those hardwire equipped models with
a transfer relay, connected AC source (INPUT)
power will be passed through the inverter making
the output terminal and connected wiring live. This
is the case even with the control panel switch in the
(##
##
#) position so ensure all power is disconnected at
its source.
2. Connect AC input wiring, AC output wiring, Chassis
Ground, DC positive cable and finally, DC negative
cable in that order.
3. Connect each circuit to its source.
2.4.1 Input and Output Protection
In order to meet CSA, UL, and electrical code
requirements, the AC and DC inputs and outputs of the
Sine Wave Inverter must be provided with overcurrent
protection such as a circuit breaker or fuse, and with a
disconnect device, as follows: (note the “AC Input” and
“AC Output” information below only applies to units
equipped with AC hardwire terminal strips, not AC
output receptacle equipped versions).
DC Input: Protection for the DC wiring (an inline fuse
/circuit breaker) is needed as close as possible to the
battery to protect the wiring from your batteries to the
Sine Wave Inverter. The current rating of this DC fuse or
circuit breaker must be large enough to allow the inverter
to operate your loads, but if the rating is too high,
electrical codes will require you to use larger DC cables
than you would otherwise have to. The fuse or circuit
breaker must be rated and approved for use on minimum
12V or 24V DC circuits as applicable by the model of
your inverter. Fuses or circuit breakers rated only for
AC service are not suitable for use on DC circuits and
may pose a hazard. The wire size used between the Sine
Wave Inverter and the fuse or circuit breaker must be
sized to match the fuse or circuit breaker´s current rating,
in accordance with the electrical codes or regulations
applicable to your installation (see Table 4).
AC Input: The installation must provide over-current
protection for the AC input circuit. The circuit breaker
or fuse used must be rated and approved for use on
120VAC branch circuits for 120V models and for
230VAC branch circuits for 230V models. The wire size
used between the breaker and the Sine Wave Inverter
input must be sized to match the circuit breaker, in
accordance with the electrical codes or regulations
applicable to your installation. Refer to Table 1 for sizing
information.
WARNING
Fire and shock hazard. Make sure wiring is
disconnected from all electrical sources
before handling. All wiring must be done in
accordance with local and national electrical
wiring regulations by a certified electrician
or technician.
Figure 2. Control panel attachment
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
6 English
AC Output: The circuit breaker or fuse used must be
rated and approved for use on 120V AC branch circuits
for 120V models and for 230VAC branch circuits for
230V models. The wire size used between the Sine Wave
Inverter output and the breaker, and between the breaker
and your loads, must be sized to match the circuit
breaker’s rating, in accordance with the electrical codes
or regulations applicable to your installation. Refer to
Table 1 for sizing information.
Disconnect devices: Since circuit breakers can be turned
off and fuses can be removed from the circuit, either
type of device will also meet the requirement for a
disconnect device in each of the above circuits. Note
that the required disconnect device is not intended for
disconnection under load, it is only meant to be a way
to isolate the Sine Wave Inverter from the input and
output power sources.
2.4.2 Making AC Wiring Connections
Again, this section applies to those models configured
with an AC hardwire terminal strip. As mentioned
previously, your AC wiring must be sized to match the
current rating of the AC breakers you provide on the
input and output AC circuits in accordance with the
electrical codes or regulations applicable to your
installation. Table 1 is based on the U.S. National Electrical
Code (1999), the Canadian Electrical Code (1998), and
European wiring practices (for 230V models). There may
be other codes and regulations applicable to your
installation.
Note that there is no difference between the
recommendations for the 1000 and 1800 models. This is
because the bypass rating of these products is the same
(i.e. 15A for 1000 and 1800 and 10A for 1000i and
1800i).
Figure 3 may be a useful reference as it illustrates the
AC wiring connection terminals for Sine Wave Inverter
models that are AC hardwire configured.
AC Wiring should be connected in the following order:
1. AC INPUT (source)
2. AC OUTPUT (load)
To make AC wiring connections:
1. The AC wiring compartment is located on the right-
hand side of the Sine Wave Inverter when looking at
the front of the unit. Remove the AC wiring
compartment cover to gain access to the AC terminal
strip inside.
2. Remove the knockouts from the cover of the wiring
compartment to create holes for your cable clamps
(see Figure 3).
3. Run the three conductor AC INPUT (source) wiring
through a cable clamp and into the wiring
compartment, via the knockout on the right side of
the front panel. Connect the AC INPUT ground
wire first to the ground terminal (ground symbol
with circle around it), and then connect the AC
INPUT line and neutral wires to the corresponding
Sine Wave Inverter AC input terminals. Refer to
Table 2 for typical colour coding and terminal
identification.
4. In a similar manner, connect the AC OUTPUT (load)
wiring to the Sine Wave Inverter AC output terminals
(connect the output ground to the ground terminal
identified by the symbol with no circle around it).
Terminal to wiring connections should be done as
shown in Table 2.
5. After wiring, double check and review all connections
to make sure the wires are in the correct terminals
and the terminals are tight (the recommended torque
is 7.5 in-lbs., 9.8 Nm).
Table 1. Circuit Breakers and Wire Sizing
Figure 3. AC wiring terminals (hardwire versions only)
WARNING
Shock Hazard. Before proceeding further,
ensure that the Sine Wave Inverter is NOT
connected to any batteries, and that all
wiring is disconnected from any electrical
sources. Do not connect the output
terminals of the inverter to an incoming AC
source.
LEDOM
TUPTUOCAdnaTUPNICA
deriuqeR
gnitaRrekaerB
deriuqeR
eziSeriW
V42/21-0001
V42/21-0081 .xamA02GWA21
V42/21-i0001
V42/21-i0081 .xamA01mm5.2-0.1
2
Table 2. AC Terminal and Wiring
Identification
LANIMRET
ROLOCERIWCA
CAV021
)naciremA.N(
CAV032
)naeporuE(
)L(ENILkcalBnworB
)N(LARTUENetihWeulB
DNUORG roneerG
reppocerab
rowolleY/neerG
reppocerab
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
English 7
AC Safety Grounding: During the AC wiring
installation, AC input and output ground wires are
connected to the inverter. The AC input ground wire
must connect to the incoming ground from your AC
utility source. The AC output ground wire should go to
the grounding point for your loads (e.g. a distribution
panel ground bus).
Neutral Grounding:
a) 120V models: The neutral conductor of the AC
output circuit of the Sine Wave Inverter is
automatically connected to the safety ground during
inverter operation. This conforms to National
Electrical Code requirements that separately derived
AC sources (such as inverters and generators) have
their neutral conductors tied to ground in the same
way that the neutral conductor from the utility is
tied to ground at the AC breaker panel. For models
configured with a transfer relay, when AC utility
power is present and the Sine Wave Inverter is in
bypass mode, this connection (neutral of the
inverter‘s AC output to input safety ground) is not
present so that the utility neutral is only connected
to ground at your breaker panel, as required.
b) 230V models: There is no connection made inside
the Sine Wave Inverter from either of the line
conductors (line or neutral) to the safety ground.
2.4.3 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs)
Installations in Recreational Vehicles (for North
American approvals) will require GFCI protection of
all branch circuits connected to the AC output of the
hardwire terminal equipped Sine Wave Inverters. In
addition, electrical codes require GFCI protection of
certain receptacles in residential installations. While the
true sine wave output of the Sine Wave Inverter is
equivalent to the waveform provided by utilities,
compliance with UL standards requires us to test and
recommend specific GFCIs.
Xantrex has tested the following GFCI-protected 15 A
receptacles and found that they functioned properly
when connected to the AC output of the inverter:
These low input voltage warnings are due to DC voltage
drop across the cables from the inverter to the batteries.
The longer and narrower these cables, the greater the
voltage drop. Table 3 shows voltage drop per foot of
cable, at various power output levels.
For example, if the 1800 Inverter is 10 ft. from your
battery, is operating at 2000 watts, and is improperly
connected with #4AWG wire, then you can expect a
voltage drop per foot of 0.0506 V. Total cable length is
actually 20 ft., not 10 ft., since the cable length is
measured from the battery to the inverter and back.
Therefore, multiply 0.0506 V by 20 to get a total voltage
drop of 1.012 V. If your battery voltage is only 11.2 VDC,
then the actual voltage at the inverter is 10.188 (11.2 V–
1.012 V) because of this significant voltage drop. The
Sine Wave Inverter will either be in low input voltage
warning or shutdown in such a condition. In high current
draw and surge situations, the unit may go into low
input voltage shutdown if the cables are too small and
too long.
Increasing your DC cable size will help improve the
situation. With cables sized correctly, and using a #0
AWG cable, your voltage drop will be 0.02 VDC
(multiplied by 20, you get a total voltage drop of 0.4 VDC).
This illustrates that at 10 ft. away from the battery and
with large cables, you can expect voltage drop. Again,
try to keep cable length to a minimum and use the
maximum gauge cable possible. Xantrex recommends
the following cables for optimum inverter performance
(apply to both 120 V and 230 V versions).
1000/12: #0 AWG or 55 mm2
1000/24: #6 AWG or 13 mm2
1800/12: #4/0 AWG or 110 mm2
1800/24: #2 AWG or 34 mm2
Also, use only high quality copper wiring and keep cable
length short, a maximum of 3–6 ft.
Xantrex, in researching the requirements for inverter use
in different markets, provides the following table that
outlines the minimum DC cable size and maximum fuse/
breaker size allowed by different regulatory bodies
2.4.4 Making DC Wiring Connections
Follow this procedure to connect the battery cables to
the DC input terminals on the Sine Wave Inverter. Your
cables should be as short as possible (ideally, less than
10 ft./3 m) and large enough to handle the required current,
in accordance with the electrical codes or regulations
applicable to your installation. Cables that are not an
adequate gauge (too narrow) or are too long will cause
decreased inverter performance such as poor surge
capability and frequent low input voltage warnings and
shutdowns.
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
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3102000.01010.01020.02030.02040.03050.03060.0
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in the U.S. There may be other codes and regulations
applicable to your installation:
To make DC wiring connections:
1. Before making any connections, route the positive
and negative battery cables directly to the DC
connection terminals on the Sine Wave Inverter. Slide
the plastic terminal connector covers (boots) over
the positive and negative cables (the red boot slides
on the positive cable and the black boot slides on the
negative cable). Do not route the cables through an
electrical distribution panel, battery isolator, or other
device that will add additional voltage drops except
for the required fuse or breaker on the positive
battery terminal. Install the inverter so that the
battery wire length is as short as possible. The
connectors on the Sine Wave Inverter are designed
to fit up to 250 MCM crimp-on ring terminals (either
AMP or ILSCO) or box connectors (these tighten
on connected cable using a set screw). Note, the
coloured terminal covers (boots) fit much better with
crimp-on ring terminals, and these are recommended
over the box connectors.
2. Neatly cut the cables to the correct length and strip
enough insulation to properly install the ring
terminals or connectors. Attach the terminals to both
cables using the crimp tool recommended by the
manufacturer of the ring terminals. There must be
no stray wire strands protruding from the terminal.
Connect the terminal on the positive cable to the
positive battery connector (stud) on the inverter
and tighten with a wrench to a torque of 9–10 ft-lbs
(11.7–13 Nm). Test that the cable is secure and is
connected to the correct positive terminal.
3. An inline fuse between the Sine Wave Inverter and
the battery is required by regulations for all
installations. Again, refer to Table 4 for examples of
correct fuse sizing for some regulations. This fuse
protects your battery and wiring in case of an
accidental short circuit during installation of the
inverter or later damage to the wiring. The fuse and
fuse holder need to be installed in the positive side
of the DC circuit, as close as possible to the batteries
and within the distance specified by the applicable
installation code. Ensure all other power and ground
connections have been made to the Sine Wave
Inverter before connecting the DC cables to the
batteries.
4. Connect the cable from the POSITIVE connector on
the Sine Wave Inverter to the POSITIVE (POS +)
terminal on the fuseholder. Observe the polarities
carefully while performing the installation and do
not reverse the polarities. Route both cables before
making any connections.
5. Connect the DC NEGATIVE cable to the
NEGATIVE (NEG -) terminal on the battery. Next,
connect the cable to the negative terminal on the
inverter. The connection to the negative terminal of
the Sine Wave Inverter should be the last connection
made. A spark when making this final connection
is normal.
6. For residential installations, a DC wiring enclosure
is required to cover the DC connections. Contact
Xantrex or your distributor for this part. For non-
residential installations, slide the rubber terminal
boot covers up the cable and over the terminal
connections.
CAUTION
Clean battery terminals before making
connections. Wear eye protection to keep
corrosion from coming in contact with eyes.
Figure 4. Battery Connections
CAUTION
An inadvertent reverse polarity connection
may cause damage to the Sine Wave
Inverter and it will require servicing (internal
fuse will open). Before making the final DC
connection, observe polarities to ensure
that the wiring is correct.
WARNING
Make sure all the DC connections are tight
(torque to 9–10 ft-lbs, 11.7–13Nm). Loose
connections will overheat and could result
in a potential fire hazard.
Table 4. DC wire sizes and inline fuse requirements
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Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
English 9
DC Grounding:
The Sine Wave Inverter has a lug on the rear panel labeled
Chassis Ground. This lug is used to connect the chassis
of the inverter to your DC ground as is required by
regulations for some installations. Depending on where
the Sine Wave Inverter is installed, follow the
instructions below that correspond to your installation
location.
3. Sine Wave Inverter Operation
This section details how the unit functions as an inverter,
provides information on the control panel, and describes
operating limits for inverter operation.
3.1 Principles of Operation
The Sine Wave Inverter converts power from the batteries
in two stages. The first stage is a DC-to-DC converter,
used to raise the low voltage DC input to high voltage
DC. The second stage is the actual inverter stage, taking
the high voltage DC and converting it to a precise, true
sine wave AC output.
The DC-to-DC converter stage uses modern high
frequency power conversion technology that eliminates
the bulky, low frequency (50/60 Hz) based transformers
found in inverters using older technology. The inverter
stage uses advanced power semiconductors that provide
excellent overload capabilities.
3.2 Output Waveform
The AC output waveform of the Sine Wave Inverter is a
“true sine wave” with typically 1% Total Harmonic
Distortion (THD). Figure 6 illustrates the output
waveform from the inverter. This waveform is nearly
identical to your utility-supplied power and in some
cases where utility power is poor, the Sine Wave Inverter
delivers cleaner, more precise AC power.
There are many advantages of true sine wave over other
wave forms delivered by other inverters:
•AC powered equipment is designed to operate with
true sine wave. Many loads will perform better when
connected to the Sine Wave Inverter.
•motor loads start easier
•reduced stress on surge protection circuitry within
the equipment means potentially longer equipment life
Many advantages of true sine wave are also due to the
absence of the sharp-rising edges of waveforms prevalent
in either modified sine wave or square wave inverters.
Some of these advantages are:
•reduced interference in audio or electronic
equipment, especially those that use less complex
internal power supplies
•significantly reduced in-rush current into capacitive
loads and reduced stress on the output devices of
the inverter, potentially lengthening equipment life
•motor loads generally operate cooler and quieter
without the extra harmonic distortion generated by
a modified sine wave.
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Figure 5. Principles of Operation
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
10 English
3.3 Control Panel
Once the Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter is properly installed
and connected to batteries, it is ready to begin delivering
AC power to your loads. The control panel is the
interface between you and the inverter. This section
describes the features of this panel and is followed by
other sections that contain inverter operating
information.
1. INVERTER ##
##
#/I: this switch turns the Sine Wave
Inverter either ON (I) or to BYPASS-state (##
##
#). It is also
used to enable or disable POWERSAVE mode during the
power-up sequence. When in the (##
##
#) position, models
equipped with a transfer relay will be in the BYPASS
mode, where incoming AC power is passed through to
the load. The switch controls the output of the inverter
with models equipped with AC outlets and does not
control the output on hardwire units equipped with the
transfer relay option.
2. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD): displays
input current from the battery and battery voltage
numerically. A multi-segment bar graph displays actual
output power in watts from the inverter when a load is
being operated.
3. MULTI-POSITION MOUNT: the control panel is
designed so it can be removed and re-attached to the
chassis in 90° increments depending on the mounting
orientation of the inverter itself. The panel can also
be removed entirely from the unit and mounted remotely,
with the purchase of the optional Interface Panel.
4. FAULT CONDITION DISPLAY: should a fault
occur, the error will immediately be displayed. An audible
alarm sounds and the back-lighting of the display
will flash to draw attention to the fault condition (see
Section 5.1).
To operate the Sine Wave Inverter:
1. Turn the unit ON by moving the rocker switch on the
control panel to (I) position. The following information
will be displayed (upon each power-up), identifying the
type and configuration of your Sine Wave Inverter:
•Model number (1000 or 1800 watt)
•Input Voltage, Output Voltage and Frequency
configuration
•POWERSAVE mode OFF (factory set default)
Following the display of this information, the control
panel then defaults to the standard display information
of input voltage, input current and output power. When
a load is connected, the output power (watts) is displayed
in bar-graph form.
WARNING
Review the Important Safety Instructions
found at the beginning of this guide before
operating the Sine Wave Inverter.
Once the standard display screen is shown, the Sine
Wave Inverter is ready to deliver AC power to your
loads. You can now plug in a load to the front outlet of
the unit, or, for those hardwire versions, into an outlet
connected to the AC output of the inverter. The loads
should operate from the inverter as they would from
utility power. Section 3.5 explains the operating limits
for the Sine Wave Inverter.
3.4 Sine Wave POWERSAVE Mode
Your Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter has a function mode
called POWERSAVE. This “sleep” mode shuts off much
of the power control circuitry of the inverter as well as
the display back-lighting, reducing the stand-by current
draw considerably. With this mode enabled, the unit
draws approx. 1.5 W while powered up but with no
load on the inverter. The Sine Wave Inverter detects the
presence of a load by sending out pulses approximately
once every 2.5 seconds. Full output power is available
with the detection of a load. The unit will remain in
POWERSAVE mode if the load it detects is less than
10 W for the 1000 model and less than 20 W for the
1800 model. This is a factory set search mode setting
and cannot be changed.
You would want to enable POWERSAVE mode if the
inverter is only being used periodically to power loads.
This allows the inverter to draw less power from the
batteries during non-use periods. If the inverter is being
used frequently and your batteries are being recharged
during inverter use (e.g. vehicle alternator), or soon after
inverter use, you can leave POWERSAVE disabled.
Your inverter is factory default set to POWERSAVE
OFF. To enable the POWERSAVE mode, follow these
steps:
1. Turn the Control Panel switch to (##
##
#) position
2. Switch the unit back to (I) position. You will see the
power-up information sequence being displayed as
described previously.
3. When the Control Panel displays “POWERSAVE
OFF” turn the switch to (##
##
#) position, wait for
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
Figure 7. Control Panel
Figure 8. Control Panel Screen Sequence
English 11
approximately three seconds, and then turn the
switch back to (I) position. “POWERSAVE ON”
will now be displayed during the start-up sequence
and when the normal state display appears, a small
pointer will be visible, indicating POWERSAVE mode
is enabled. Repeat the same procedure for disabling
POWERSAVE mode.
3.5 Inverter Operating Limits and
Protection Features
Power Output: The Sine Wave 1000 Inverter will
continuously deliver 1000 watts and the Sine Wave 1800
delivers 1800 watts continuously. The following table
displays the continuous and peak current ratings as well
as surge rating, depending on the model:
Each unit above will be able to operate all AC loads
rated at or below these power ratings. Some high-
horsepower induction motors used in pumps and other
motor-operated equipment require very high surge
currents to start and the Sine Wave Inverter/battery
combination may have difficulty starting these loads. If
you have problems with certain loads, ensure that battery
connections are solid, your DC cables are appropriately
sized, and that the battery is of sufficient capacity and
fully charged.
Input Voltage: The Sine Wave Inverter operates from
an input voltage ranging from:
10 to 16 VDC for 12 V models
20 to 32 VDC for 24 V models
Peak performance for these inverters occurs when DC
input voltage is in the range of 12 volts to 15 volts for
12 V models and 24 volts to 30 volts for 24 V models.
The Sine Wave Inverter will indicate high and low DC
voltage conditions as follows:
The over-voltage protection and shutdown protects the
inverter against excessive input voltage, should the unit
be connected to a higher voltage than it is designed for
(up to 35VDC—higher voltages may cause damage).
Low input voltage shutdown protects your battery from
being over-discharged. The inverter requires a manual
reset to re-start after shutdown from either high or low
input voltage. Turn the power switch to (##
##
#) and then
back to (I) to re-start the unit.
Output Overload Protection: A short circuit may be
applied to the output continuously without damage to
any internal components. The Sine Wave Inverter will
shut down in less than five seconds when the output
falls 10% below the nominal voltage as a result of current
limiting.
AC Backfeed Protection: Although the Sine Wave
Inverter has been designed to withstand incoming AC at
the AC output, this is only a safeguard and continuous
AC backfeed could lead to inverter damage. Avoid inverter
damage by double checking the AC input and output
wiring on hardwire configured models before applying
power and by understanding your source of AC and
where power from the source leads to (e.g. do not plug a
live extension cord into the AC outlet of the inverter).
Input Reverse Polarity Protection: The internal
circuitry of the Sine Wave Inverter is protected by an
internal, 32 V, fast-blow fuse as follows:
This fuse is only replaceable by qualified service
personnel. In many reverse polarity conditions, this fuse
will protect internal circuits, however, certain high
voltage/current situations may cause internal damage.
4. Testing
The following simple test procedure should ensure that
the inverter is connected and installed properly.
To test the Sine Wave Inverter:
1. Double check all wiring terminals on the inverter to
observe correct polarity and secure connections.
2. Turn rocker switch to (I) position.
3. Observe the power-up sequence on the display. The
normal-state inverter display of input current and
input voltage should come up.
4. Plug a test load (e.g. a light bulb) into the outlet of
the Sine Wave Inverter. The load should function
normally. Observe the output power bar graph—it
should increase with load demand.
5. For hardwire and transfer relay-equipped versions,
plug a load into the AC output leg of the inverter
while input AC is available. Remove input AC. The
load should still operate normally. Replace the source
AC input power and again, the load should operate
normally, indicating proper installation and function
of the transfer relay.
6. Repeat test 4 or 5 with the inverter in
“POWERSAVE” mode.
7. The Sine Wave Inverter is now ready for operation.
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Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
12 English
5. Troubleshooting Guide
This section describes potential installation and configuration problems and solutions, including fault conditions and indicators.
5.1 Fault Conditions and Indicators
The following fault conditions are displayed on the control panel along with an alarm sound and blinking LCD back-light.
The table below provides some troubleshooting tips:
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WARNING
Do not open or disassemble the Sine Wave Inverter. See Section 6 for instructions on obtaining service for the inverter. Attempting to service the unit yourself may result
in a risk of electrical shock or fire.
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
English 13
6. Warranty
What does this warranty cover? This Limited Warranty is provided by Xantrex
Technology, Inc. (“Xantrex”) and covers defects in workmanship and materials
in your Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter 1000/1800. This warranty lasts for a Warranty
Period of 24 months from the date of purchase at point of sale to you, the original
end user customer.
What will Xantrex do? Xantrex will, at its option, repair or replace the defective
product free of charge, provided that you notify Xantrex of the product defect
within the Warranty Period, and provided that Xantrex through inspection establishes
the existence of such a defect and that it is covered by this Limited Warranty.
Xantrex will, at its option, use new and/or reconditioned parts in performing warranty
repair and building replacement products. Xantrex reserves the right to use parts
or products of original or improved design in the repair or replacement. If Xantrex
repairs or replaces a product, its warranty continues for the remaining portion of
the original Warranty Period or 90 days from the date of the return shipment to the
customer, whichever is greater. All replaced products and all parts removed from
repaired products become the property of Xantrex.
Xantrex covers both parts and labor necessary to repair the product, and return
shipment to the customer via a Xantrex-selected non-expedited surface freight
within the contiguous United States and Canada. Alaska and Hawaii are excluded.
Contact Xantrex Customer Service for details on freight policy for return shipments
outside of the contiguous United States and Canada.
How do you get service? If your product requires troubleshooting or warranty
service, contact your merchant. If you are unable to contact your merchant, or
the merchant is unable to provide service, contact Xantrex directly at:
Phone: 1-800-670-0707 (toll-free in North America), 1-360-925-5097 (direct)
Fax: 1-360-925-5143
Email: [email protected]
Direct returns may be performed according to the Xantrex Return Material
Authorization Policy described in your product manual. For some products, Xantrex
maintains a network of regional Authorized Service Centers. Call Xantrex or check
our website to see if your product can be repaired at one of these facilities.
In any warranty claim, dated proof of purchase must accompany the product and
the product must not have been disassembled or modified without prior written
authorization by Xantrex.
Proof of purchase may be in any one of the following forms:
•The dated purchase receipt from the original purchase of the product at
point of sale to the end user, or
•The dated dealer invoice or purchase receipt showing original equipment
manufacturer (OEM) status, or
•The dated invoice or purchase receipt showing the product exchanged
under warranty
What does this warranty not cover? This Limited Warranty does not cover normal
wear and tear of the product or costs related to the removal, installation, or
troubleshooting of the customer’s electrical systems. This warranty does not apply
to and Xantrex will not be responsible for any defect in or damage to:
a) the product if it has been misused, neglected, improperly installed, physically
damaged or altered, either internally or externally, or damaged from improper
use or use in an unsuitable environment;
b) the product if it has been subjected to fire, water, generalized corrosion,
biological infestations, or input voltage that creates operating conditions
beyond the maximum or minimum limits listed in the Xantrex product
specifications including high input voltage from generators and lightning
strikes;
c) the product if repairs have been done to it other than by Xantrex or its
authorized service centers (hereafter “ASCs”);
d) the product if it is used as a component part of a product expressly warranted
by another manufacturer;
e) the product if its original identification (trade-mark, serial number) markings
have been defaced, altered, or removed.
Disclaimer
Product
THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE
WARRANTY PROVIDED BY XANTREX IN CONNECTION WITH YOUR
XANTREX PRODUCT AND IS, WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW, IN LIEU
OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS, GUARANTEES,
REPRESENTATIONS, OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE IN CONNECTION WITH THE
PRODUCT, HOWEVER ARISING (WHETHER BY CONTRACT, TORT,
NEGLIGENCE, PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURER’S LIABILITY,
OPERATION OF LAW, CONDUCT, STATEMENT OR OTHERWISE),
INCLUDING WITHOUT RESTRICTION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR
CONDITION OF QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TO
THE EXTENT REQUIRED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW TO APPLY TO
THE PRODUCT SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE PERIOD
STIPULATED UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY.
IN NO EVENT WILL XANTREX BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
LOSSES, COSTS OR EXPENSES HOWEVER ARISING WHETHER IN
CONTRACT OR TORT INCLUDING WITHOUT RESTRICTION ANY
ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY KIND, ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE TO
PROPERTY, ANY PERSONAL INJURY, ANY DAMAGE OR INJURY
ARISING FROM OR AS A RESULT OF MISUSE OR ABUSE, OR THE
INCORRECT INSTALLATION, INTEGRATION OR OPERATION OF THE
PRODUCT.
Exclusions
If this product is a consumer product, federal law does not allow an exclusion
of implied warranties. To the extent you are entitled to implied warranties under
federal law, to the extent permitted by applicable law they are limited to the
duration of this Limited Warranty. Some states and provinces do not allow
limitations or exclusions on implied warranties or on the duration of an implied
warranty or on the limitation or exclusion of incidental or consequential
damages, so the above limitation(s) or exclusion(s) may not apply to you. This
Limited Warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have other rights
which may vary from state to state or province to province.
Warning: Limitations On Use
Please refer to your product user manual for limitations on uses of the product.
Specifically, please note that the Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter 1000/1800 is not
intended for use in connection with life support systems and Xantrex makes no
warranty or representation in connection with any use of the product for such
purposes.
Please note that the Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter 1000/1800 is not intended for use
as an uninterruptible power supply and Xantrex makes no warranty or representation
in connection with any use of the product for such purposes.
Return Material Authorization Policy
Before returning a product directly to Xantrex you must obtain a Return
Material Authorization (RMA) number and the correct factory “Ship To”
address. Products must also be shipped prepaid. Product shipments will be
refused and returned at your expense if they are unauthorized, returned without
an RMA number clearly marked on the outside of the shipping box, if they are
shipped collect, or if they are shipped to the wrong location.
When you contact Xantrex to obtain service, please have your instruction manual
ready for reference and be prepared to supply:
•The serial number of your product
•Information about the installation and use of the unit
•Information about the failure and/or reason for the return
•A copy of your dated proof of purchase
Return Procedure
1. Package the unit safely, preferably using the original box and packing
materials. Please ensure that your product is shipped fully insured in the
original packaging or equivalent. This warranty will not apply where the
product is damaged due to improper packaging.
2. Include the following:
•The RMA number supplied by Xantrex Technology Inc clearly marked on
the outside of the box.
•A return address where the unit can be shipped. Post office boxes are not
acceptable.
•A contact telephone number where you can be reached during work hours
•A brief description of the problem
3. Ship the unit prepaid to the address provided by your Xantrex customer
service representative.
If you are returning a product from outside of the USA or Canada In addition
to the above, you MUST include return freight funds and are fully responsible for
all documents, duties, tariffs, and deposits.
If you are returning a product to a Xantrex Authorized Service Center (ASC)
A Xantrex return material authorization (RMA) number is not required. However,
you must contact the ASC prior to returning the product or presenting the unit to
verify any return procedures that may apply to that particular facility.
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
7. Appendices
7.1 Battery Type
This appendix explains some of the differences between the
different lead acid batteries to help you choose a battery
which best suits your needs.
The lead-acid battery which is probably most common is
the starting battery in your automobile. An automotive
starting battery is designed to deliver a large amount of current
for a short period of time (so it can start your engine). Only
a small portion of the battery´s capacity is used when starting
the engine and it is quickly recharged by the running engine.
It is not designed for repeated charge-discharge cycles where
the battery is almost completely discharged and then
recharged. Starting batteries used in this kind of deep discharge
service will wear out rapidly.
Your Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter is designed to be used with
deep-cycle lead acid batteries. These batteries are designed
for deep discharge service where they will be repeatedly
charged and discharged. This type of battery is often labeled
as a marine, recreational vehicle, or golf cart battery. Xantrex
recommends you use one or more of these batteries separated
from the starting battery of your vehicle or boat with a
battery isolator.
The many different types of deep-cycle lead acid batteries
can be grouped into four categories: flooded (or wet), sealed
flooded (“maintenance free”), recombinant flooded (often
“starved electrolyte”), and gel batteries. The table that follows
summarizes these battery types, identifying features,
advantages and disadvantages.
FLOODED BATTERIES:
TROJAN: Golf Cart, Superior, Pacer
WEST MARINE: Sea Volt
MOTOMASTER: Nautilus
IDENTIFYING FEATURES:
Vents which can be removed to fill the battery with water.
Low price and higher maintenance.
ADVANTAGES:
More resistant to over-charging since they can be filled with
water. Cheaper than other batteries.
DISADVANTAGES:
Must be filled with DISTILLED water and usually require
equalization. Maintenance required.
SEALED FLOODED BATTERIES:
DELCO: Voyager
IDENTIFYING FEATURES:
Vents which look like they are removable but are not. Sold
as “Maintenance Free” at attractive prices.
ADVANTAGES:
Less maintenance required than Flooded. No need to fill
with water. Less expensive.
DISADVANTAGES:
Less resistant to over-charging because they consume water
but cannot be refilled.
RECOMBINANT FLOODED (SEALED)
BATTERIES:
HAWKER ENERGY: Genesis
OPTIMA: Yellow Top
GNB INDUSTRIAL: Evolyte
IDENTIFYING FEATURES:
Vents are often concealed. Sold using the following phrases:
Recombinant, Valve Regulated, Maintenance Free, Starved
Electrolyte.
ADVANTAGES:
Require no maintenance. Non-spillable
DISADVANTAGES:
Can be damaged by equalization. Generally more expensive.
GEL SEALED BATTERIES:
SONNENSCHEIN: Prevailer
WEST MARINE: SeaGel
IDENTIFYING FEATURES:
Sold as either “Gel” or “Gelled Electrolyte” batteries.
ADVANTAGES:
Require no maintenance. Often can be used on their side.
Non-spillable. Low self-discharge. Less damage from being
left discharged.
DISADVANTAGES:
Damaged by equalization. Generally more expensive.
14 English Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
7.2 Battery Size
Just as important as the type of battery selected for use
with your Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter is the subject of
battery size (capacity). There are a number of different
standards for rating battery capacity. Automotive
starting batteries are normally rated by cranking amps.
This is not a relevant rating for continuous use. Deep
cycle batteries are rated either by reserve capacity in
minutes or by amp-hours.
Battery reserve capacity is a measure of how long a
battery can deliver a certain amount of current—usually
25 amps. For example, a battery with a reserve capacity
of 180 minutes can deliver 25 amps for 180 minutes
before it is completely discharged.
Amp-hour capacity is a measure of how many amps a
battery can deliver for a specified length of time—usually
20 hours. For example, a typical marine or RV battery
rated for 100 amp hours can deliver 5 amps for 20 hours.
(5 amps x 20 hours = 100 amp hours)
You can expect performance from the inverter to suffer
with the use of a small, low amp-hour rated battery (for
example, 50 Ah). Even if your battery is in excellent
shape and fully charged you will likely experience
poor surge power performance and unsatisfactory
operating time with anything but a small AC load.
Xantrex recommends a minimum battery size of 200 Ah
for moderate loads (less than 1000 W) and greater than
400 Ah for heavy loads.
To determine how large a battery or battery bank you
require for equipment running from the inverter, simply
add together the power requirements for all electrical
devices that you will be running multiplied by their
approximate running times in hours between battery
recharges. Each device will be rated in either watts, volts
and amps, or VA. For this calculation, all three of these
ratings are equivalent (i.e. volts x amps = watts = VA).
The following example, based on battery recharging
every three days, illustrates the calculation:
daoL rewoP
noitpmusnoC emiTgnitarepO sruohttaW
1
RCV&VTW511srh3
)yadreprh1(
543
eeffoC
rekaM
W057rh1
)yadrep.nim02(
057
evaworciM
nevO
W008srh5.0
)yadrep.nim01(
004
LATOT5941
English 15
Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
8. Performance Graphs
8.1 Power Derating Curve
As with all inverters, the amount of continuous power
that the Xantrex Sine Wave Inverters can deliver without
overheating is limited by ambient (surrounding air)
temperature. The following “Power Derating Curve vs.
Temperature” illustrates the relationship between power
output and ambient temperature.
Operating the unit above this temperature will result in
thermal shutdown or decreased performance. At input
voltages less than 12 V or 24 V, the unit runs warmer
which will cause thermal shutdowns at temperatures
below these ambient temperature guidelines.
Operating the unit in conditions outside the power and
temperature limits (above and to the right of the derating
curves) will result in thermal shutdown and/or
significantly decreased performance. In addition,
operation in this range is outside of the ratings covered
by the product’s regulatory approvals.
16 English Xantrex Sine Wave Inverter Owner’s Manual
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dans d''autres langues
- English: Xantrex 1800 Owner's manual
- español: Xantrex 1800 El manual del propietario
- Deutsch: Xantrex 1800 Bedienungsanleitung