Tripp Lite APSWX-Series Solar Sinewave Inverter Charger Le manuel du propriétaire

1

Owner’s Manual

APSWX-Series

230V Sine Wave Solar

Inverter/Chargers with

Integrated MPPT Charge

Controller

Models: APSWX4KP48VMPPT, APSWX6KP48VMPPT

(Series Numbers: AG-057D, AG-057E)

1111 W. 35th Street, Chicago, IL 60609 USA • tripplite.com/support

Español 30 • Français 59 • Deutsch 88

WARRANTY REGISTRATION

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tripplite.com/warranty

2

1. Overview 3

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Important Safety 3

Instructions

1.3 Package Contents 4

2. Features 5

2.1 Features Overview 5

2.2 System Architecture 5

2.2.1 FeatureIdentication 5

2.2.2 LCD and Control Panel 6

Overview

2.2.3 Function Keys 6

2.2.4 LCD Information 7

2.3

Power Conguration Modes

8

2.3.1 Utility First 8

2.3.2 PV First 8

2.3.3 Battery First 9

2.3.4 Hybrid Modes 9

3. Installation 11

3.1 Site Preparation 11

3.2 Inverter Installation 11

(Single and Parallel Modes)

3.3 Battery Sizing and 12

Wiring Connections

3.4 AC Input/Output 13

Connections

3.5 PV Connections 14

3.5.1 Wiring PV Modules 15

to Inverter

3.6 Communication 15

Connections

4. Operation 16

4.1 Power On/Off 16

4.2 Operation and 16

Display Panel

4.3 LCD Conguration Mode 16

4.4 Parallel Operation 20

4.4.1 Single-Phase Parallel 20

Conguration

4.4.2 3-Phase Parallel 22

Conguration

4.5 Fault Code Reference 24

4.6 Warning Indicators 24

5. Troubleshooting 25

6. Service 28

7. Maintenance 28

8. Specications 28

9. Warranty and 29

Regulatory Compliance

Table of Contents

3

1 Overview

1.1 Introduction

Thank you for purchasing your Tripp Lite APSWX-Series Solar Sinewave Inverter/Charger. The multi-function design

keeps equipment running on AC mains power or alternative power sources in your application. The built-in AC/DC charger

and MPPT charge controller hybrid-charging system can utilize AC power, solar power or a combination of both to ensure

the battery system is charged and ready when you need it most. The front control panel with LCD provides real-time

readout of all system functions as well as robust conguration options to meet the needs of various user applications.

Advanced parallel functionality supports daisy chaining of up to nine units for increased capacity in single-phase or

3-phase power congurations.

1.2 Important Safety Instructions

• This section contains important safety and operating instructions. Read carefully and follow all installation, operation,

and maintenance instructions before using this product.

•Caution: To reduce the risk of injury, charge only deep-cycle lead-acid type rechargeable batteries. Other battery types

may burst, causing personal injury and damage.

• To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not dissemble the unit while in operation. Only qualied personnel should service

the unit. There are no user-replaceable parts inside.

•Warning: The unit(s) should be powered o and all wiring disconnected before servicing or maintenance is performed.

• The inverter is non-isolated and should only be used in PV modules that are single crystalline, poly-crystalline with

Class A-rating or CIGS modules. To avoid malfunction, do not connect any PV modules that allow current leakage ow

to the inverter. When using CIGS modules, make sure they are not grounded.

•Caution: When connecting to a solar energy source, it is recommended you use a PV junction box with surge

protection. Otherwise, damage can occur to the inverter.

Device symbol identication:

CAUTION! High temperature operation

DANGER! Electric shock hazard

WARNING! Allow at least 1 minute for stored energy to dissipate prior to maintenance

CAUTION! 2 or more inverters sharing the same solar panel group poses an electric shock hazard

4

1 Overview

1.3 Package Contents

Inspect the packaging and unit for any damage prior to installation. Ensure the following are included with the Inverter/

Charger:

• APSWX-Series Sinewave

• Solar Inverter/Charger (1)

• Strain Relief Bracket (1)

• Strain Relief Bracket Screws

• DB9-to-RJ45 cable (1)

• Parallel connection kit (1)

• Owner’s Manual (1)

5

2. Features

2.1 Features Overview

• Hybrid solar inverter (on/o-grid capable)

• Output power factor: PF = 1.0

• On-grid with energy storage

• AC/solar charge priority

• Intelligent battery charging for optimized battery performance

• AC mains or generator power compatibility

• Fault protection modes: overload, over-temperature, short circuit, battery low voltage

• External remote monitoring

• Parallel operation with up to 9 units

2.2 System Architecture

2.2.1 Feature Identication

1

3 4 9 5

11

2 10 6 7

8

1 AC Input

2 AC Output

3 RS-232 Port

4 USB Port

5 PV Input

6 Parallel Ports

7 DC Input

8 ON/OFF Switch

9 Generator Dry Contact

10 Current Sharing Ports

11 Circuit Breaker

12 Strain Relief Bracket

(Not Shown)

6

2. Features

2.2.2 LCD and Control Panel Overview

LED Indicator(s) LED Color LED Status Description

Green

Solid On AC output is by AC mains in Line mode

Flashing AC output is powered by

battery Output is powered by PV

Green Solid On Battery is fully charged

Flashing Battery is charging

Red Solid On A fault condition has occurred

Flashing A warning condition is present

2.2.3 Function Keys

Function Keys Description

ESC Press to exit conguration mode

UP Go to previous selection

DOWN Go to next selection

ENTER To enter or conrm a selection in conguration mode

LCD Display

LED Indicators

Function Keys

7

2.2.4 LCD Information

LCD Display

Icons Description

Input Sources

AC input preset

PV panel input in use

Input LCD display information

Indicates Input voltage, Input frequency, battery voltage, PV voltage, PV2 voltage, Charger cur-

rent

Middle LCD display icons

Settings Mode

Warnings and Fault codes. Flashing with warning codes. Solid On with fault codes

Output LCD display information

Indicates the output voltage, output frequency, load percent, load, VA, load in watts, DC discharging

current

Battery information

Indicates battery level percentage during use or charging: 0-25%, 25-49%, 50-74%, 75-100%

Load Information

Indicates load level by percentage bar

0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76-100%

Indicates overload condition occurred

Operating Modes

Connected to AC Mains

Connected to PV panels

Solar charger is working

Indicates the DC/AC inverter circuit is working

Indicates unit alarm is disabled: press and hold the “ESC” key for 3 seconds to enable/disable

2. Features

8

2. Features

2.3 Power Conguration Modes

2.3.1 Utility First

Utility will power the connected load and charge the battery system. If solar power is available, both AC + solar power will

charge battery system.

2.3.2 PV First

Solar energy powers the connected load through the inverter and charges the battery system. Utility power is in an on-

demand state to take over if the solar energy can no longer power the connected load and charge the battery system.

Utility power input

Solar power input

Charging

To load

9

2. Features

2.3.3 Battery First

The battery system will supply power to the connected load as rst priority. If the voltage gets too low and utility or

generator power is present, utility power or generator power will take over and supply power to the connected loads and

recharge the battery system. Once the battery system is recharged, the Inverter/Charger will switch back to the battery

system to supply power to the connected load.

2.3.4 Hybrid Modes

Solar + Utility: Solar energy provides power to the connected loads as the rst priority. If solar energy is not sucient to

power all loads, utility will supply power to the connected loads at the same time while charging the battery.

Utility power input To load

Utility power input

Solar power input

Charging

Discharging

To load

10

2. Features

Solar First + Utility without Battery: Solar energy provides power to the connected loads as the rst priority. If solar

energy is not sucient to power all loads, utility will supply power to connected loads at the same time.*

*Feed-In to Grid (Optional): In Utility First, PV First and Hybrid modes, the feed-to-grid option allows any unused excess solar energy

for energy storage or loads to be sent back to the grid.

Utility power input

Feed-in to grid*

Solar power input

To load

11

3. Installation

3.1 Site Preparation

1. The recommended mounting position is vertical wall mount.

2. Mount the Inverter/Charger on a solid vertical surface made of non-ammable construction materials.

3.2 Inverter Installation (Single and Parallel Modes)

1. See section 1.3 Package Contents to ensure all necessary parts are available for the Inverter/Charger installation and

operation.

2. Mark the mounting location(s) where the Inverter/Charger will be installed.

3. Install the Inverter/Charger at a height that allows easy visibility of the LCD at all times.

4. For proper air circulation and heat dissipation, make sure there is a minimum of 20 cm distance on each side and 50

cm distance from bottom of the unit (see Figure 3.2A).

Figure 3.2A

5. In single-phase and 3-phase parallel modes, mount each inverter at least 20 cm apart (see Figure 3.2B).

Figure 3.2B

6. The ambient temperature should be between 0°C and 50°C to ensure optimal operation.

7. Make sure to provide sucient space as shown in Figure 3.2A and Figure 3.2B to guarantee sucient heat dissipation

and provide adequate space for proper clearance of wiring and communication connections.

8. Secure the Strain Relief bracket to the APS using two (2) included mounting screws below the AC Output wiring pass-

through. After the AC wiring is installed, secure wiring with the included zip ties.

20 cm

20 cm 20 cm

20 cm

50 cm

12

3. Installation

3.3 Battery Sizing and Wiring Connections

Important: It is recommended you use “Deep Cycle” batteries to receive optimum performance from your

Inverter/Charger. Do not use starting batteries or batteries rated in Cold Cranking Amps (CCA). If the batteries

you connect to the Inverter/Charger are not true Deep Cycle batteries, their operational lifetimes may be

signicantlyshortened.IfyouareusingthesamebatterybanktopowertheInverter/ChargeraswellasDCloads,

your battery bank will need to be appropriately sized (larger loads will require a battery bank with a larger amp-

hourcapacity).Otherwise,theoperationallifetimesofthebatteriesmaybesignicantlyreduced.

Wet-Cell (vented) or Gel-Cell/Absorbed Glass Mat (sealed) batteries are preferred. 6-volt “golf cart”, Marine Deep-

Cycle or 8D Deep-Cycle batteries in series-parallel connection are also acceptable. Auxiliary batteries must be

identical to the vehicle batteries if they are connected to each other.

Batteries can produce extremely high currents. Review both the important safety instructions at the beginning of

this manual and the battery supplier’s precautions before installing the inverter and batteries.

1. Select a 48V battery system that will provide your Inverter/Charger with proper DC voltage and amp-hour

capacity to support your application. Even though Tripp Lite Inverter/Chargers are highly ecient at DC-to-AC

inversion, their rated output capacities are limited by the total amp-hour capacity of connected batteries.

2. Determine the total wattage of your application. Add the wattage ratings of all equipment you will connect to your

Inverter/Charger. Wattage ratings are usually listed in equipment manuals or on nameplates. If your equipment is rated

in amps, multiply that number times AC utility voltage to determine the estimated watts. (Example: a drill requires 2.8

amps. 2.8 amps × 230 volts = 640 watts.)

3. Determine the DC battery amps required. Divide the total wattage required (from step 2 above) by the nominal

battery voltage to determine the DC amps required.

4. Estimate battery amp-hours required. Multiply the DC amps required (from step 2 above) by the number of hours

you estimate you will operate equipment exclusively from battery power before recharging batteries with utility- or

generator-supplied AC power. Compensate for ineciency by multiplying this number by 1.2. This will provide a rough

estimate of how many amp-hours of battery power (from one or several batteries) you should connect to your Inverter/

Charger.

Note: Battery amp-hour ratings are usually given for a 20-hour discharge rate. Actual amp-hour capacities are less when batteries

are discharged at faster rates. For example, batteries discharged in 55 minutes provide only 50% of their listed amp-hour ratings,

while batteries discharged in 9 minutes provide as little as 30% of their amp-hour ratings.

5. Estimate battery recharge rate required. You must allow your batteries to recharge long enough to replace the

charge lost during inverter operation, or else you will eventually run down your batteries. To estimate the minimum

amount of time needed to recharge the batteries in your application, divide the required battery amp-hours (from step 4

above) by the Inverter/Charger’s rated AC/DC Charger, Solar Charger or AC/DC + Solar charger combined.

6. Determine battery location. Batteries should be installed in an accessible location with good access to the battery

caps and terminals. At least 2 ft. (60 cm) of overhead clearance is recommended. Batteries must be located as close

as possible to the inverter. Do not install the inverter in the same compartment with non-sealed batteries (sealed

batteries are acceptable). The gasses produced by non-sealed batteries during charging are highly corrosive and will

shorten the life of the inverter.

7. Batteries should be installed in a locked enclosure or room. The enclosure should be well ventilated to prevent

accumulation of hydrogen gasses that are released during the battery charging process. The enclosure should be

made of acid-resistant material or coated with an acid-resistant nish to prevent corrosion from spilled electrolyte and

released fumes. If the batteries are located outdoors, the enclosure should be rainproof and contain mesh screens to

prevent insects and rodents from entering. Before installing the batteries in the enclosure, cover the bottom with a layer

of baking soda to neutralize any acid spills.

13

3. Installation

8. Connecting DC batteries. Though your Inverter/Charger is a high-eciency converter of electricity, its rated output

capacity is limited by the length and gauge of the cabling running from the battery to the unit. Use the shortest length

and largest diameter cabling to provide maximum performance (see table below). Shorter and heavier-gauge cabling

reduces DC voltage drop and permits maximum transfer of current. Your Inverter/Charger is capable of delivering peak

wattage at up to 200% of its rated continuous wattage output for brief periods of time. Heavier-gauge cabling should

be used when continuously operating heavy-draw equipment under these conditions. Tighten your Inverter/Charger

and battery terminals to approximately 3.5 Newton-meters of torque to establish an ecient connection and to prevent

excessive heating at the connection. Insucient tightening of the terminals could void your warranty.

Maximum Recommended DC Cable Length

Model Output Capacity (Watts)

Recommended Wire

Gauge

Terminal Torque

Rating (N•m)

APSWX4KP48VMPPT 3200 12 AWG 3.5

APSWX6KP48VMPPT 5500 10 AWG 3.5

9. Connect the fuse. Tripp Lite recommends you connect the battery to your Inverter/Charger’s DC terminals with wiring

that includes a fuse and fuse block or DC circuit breaker within 46 cm of the battery positive. The fuse’s rating must

equal or exceed the minimum DC fuse rating shown on the Inverter/Charger’s nameplate. Refer to Figure 3.3A for

proper fuse placement. The battery wire with the fuse should not be grounded.

Figure 3.3: 48V DC Battery System

3.4 AC Input/Output Connections

CAUTION! Before connecting to an AC input power source, install a separate AC breaker between the inverter and AC

input power source. This will ensure the inverter can be securely disconnected during maintenance and fully protected

from any AC input overcurrent. The recommended AC breaker is 32A for 3kVA and 50A for 5.5kVA. There are two terminal

blocks marked “IN” and “OUT”. DO NOT connect input and output connectors incorrectly.

CAUTION: AC leakage current detection: at the input and output of the inverter, the AC circuit should be able to withstand

50 Hz, 1500V AC, I<10mA.

CAUTION: AC output conguration: Floating

CAUTION: If you need to be connected to the grid, an isolation transformer must be installed at the input.

10kVA/10kW/220Vac/220VAC isolation transformer must meet the certication requirements of IEC-60364.

AC INPUT AC OUTPUT

G L N G L N

Yellow-green brown blue Yellow-green brown blue

Inverter

12V 12V 12V 12V

14

3. Installation

WARNING! All wiring must be performed by qualied personnel. It is critically important for system safety and ecient

operation to use appropriate cable for AC input connections. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended

cable size as shown in the table below.

Model Gauge (AWG) Cable (mm2) Torque Rating

APSWX4KP48VMPPT 12 4 1.2 N•m

APSWX6KP48VMPPT 10 6 1.1 N•m

3.5 PV Connections

Your Tripp Lite Inverter/Charger includes a built-in MPPT Solar Charge Controller. A set of PV Input connections attach to

an array of PV modules for O-Grid/Hybrid (AC + Solar) applications.

CAUTION! Before PV modules can be connected to the Inverter/Charger, it is highly recommended to install a separate

DC disconnection switch between the inverter and the PV modules.

WARNING! It is very important for system safety and ecient operation to use appropriate cable for PV module

connections. To reduce the risk of injury, please use the proper cable size as shown in the table below.

Model Gauge (AWG) Cable (mm2) Torque Rating

All models 12 4 1.2 N•m

WARNING! To avoid inverter malfunction, do not connect any PV modules with possible leakage current to the inverter

(i.e. PV modules that are grounded).

It is recommended to use a PV junction box with surge protection to protect against lightning and voltage uctuations.

Because the Inverter/Charger is non-isolated, only three types of PV modules should be used:

• Single-crystalline

• Poly-crystalline with class A-rating

• CIGS

When selecting a PV module, make sure the open circuit voltage of the PV modules do not exceed the maximum PV

array open circuit voltage supported by the inverter.

Max PV Array Open Circuit Voltage PV Array MPPT Voltage Range

450V DC 120V DC~450V DC

Solar Array Application Examples

Solar Panel Spec: 250Wp

Vmp: 30.1V DC

Imp: 8.3A

Voc: 37.7Vdc

Isc: 8.4A

Solar Input Panel Qty. Total Input Power

Min. in serial: 6 pcs.

Max. in serial: 11 pcs.

6 panels in series 6 panels 1500W

9 panels in series 9 panels 2250W

10 panels in series 10 panels 2500W

9 panels in series and 2 in parallel 18 panels 4500W

10 panels in series parallel (2x) in parallel 20 panels 4500W

15

3.5.1 Wiring PV Modules to Inverter

1. Remove insulation about 0.4 in. (10 mm) for both positive and negative conductors.

2. The use of ferruled ends on the positive and negative ends with proper crimping tool is recommended.

3. Reattach the bottom cover to the inverter with supplied screws.

3.6 Communication Connections

1. The RS-232 (DB9) port supports wireless remote monitoring modules.

3. Installation

16

4. Operation

4.1 Power On/Off

Once the unit is properly installed and connections are secure, move the On/O switch to the ON position.

ON (I): The APS will power ON and supply power to connected loads from Utility, PV or battery power. In Utility Mode or

PV Mode, the APS will also charge the battery system.

OFF (O): The APS AC output is OFF, but will charge batteries if utility or PV input power is present. If Utility and/or PV is

no longer present, the unit will shut down.

4.2 Operation and Display Panel

The LCD operation panel (Figure 4.2A) is located on the front of the inverter. LED indicators are also present for quick

indication of power state, charging and fault conditions.

Figure 4.2A – LCD Operation Panel

4.3 LCD Conguration Mode

Once the unit is powered on, press and hold the Enter button for 3 seconds. The unit will enter Conguration mode.

Program Code Function Selectable Options Description

00 Exit Conguration

Mode

Press and hold the ESC button for 3 seconds to exit

settings. Pressing and holding while in Line mode will

mute the system’s audible alarm.

01 Output Source

Priority Selection

Utility First (Default) When utility power is present, it will power the connected

loads. It will also charge the battery system using AC

and solar energy at the same time. When power is lost,

the inverter will power the load from the connected

battery system or solar energy.

Solar First

Solar energy provides power to the loads as the rst priority.

When solar energy is sucient, the extra energy will charge

the battery. When solar energy is insucient for load,

batteries and solar will supply power to the loads at the

same time. When solar energy and batteries are insucient

or solar energy is unavailable, utility power is provided to

the loads and charges the battery at the same time.

Battery First Battery energy provides power to the loads as rst

priority. Utility power will only supply the connected loads

when battery low-level warning voltage or the set point

has been reached.

Solar + Utility Solar energy provides power to the connected loads as

the rst priority. If solar energy is not sucient to power

all loads, utility energy will supply power to the loads at

the same time.

17

Program Code Function Selectable Options Description

02 Output Voltage

220V AC

To take eect, the system must be restarted in order to

change the output voltage.

230V AC (Default)

240V AC

03 Output Frequency

50 Hz (Default)

To take eect, the system must be restarted in order to

change the output frequency.

60 Hz

04 Battery Type

AGM (Default) If you choose to use Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) or

Sealed Lead-Acid (SLA) deep cycle batteries, the

default setting of “AGN” should selected.

Flooded If you choose to use ooded deep-cycle marine

batteries, set the battery type to “FLd”.

No Battery If the inverter application is without battery, program

code 04 must be set to “Nbt”.

User-Dened If "User-Dened" is selected, the battery charge voltage

and low DC cuto voltage can be set up in programs 05

and 06.

05 Bulk Charge

Voltage

48V Model Default

Setting: 56.0

48V model: 56.0V DC (default)

Setting range: 48V to 60V

Setting increase or decrease of 0.1V.

Note: If self-dened is selected in program 04, this program

can be set up.

06 Floating Charge

Voltage

48V Model Default

Setting: 54.0

48V model: 54.0V DC (default)

Setting range: 48V to 60V

Setting increase or decrease of 0.1V.

Note: If self-dened is selected in program 04, this program

can be set up.

07 Low Voltage Alarm

48V Model Default

Setting: 44.0 48V model: 44.0V DC (default)

Setting range: 36V to 50V

Setting increase or decrease of 0.1V.

4. Operation

18

4. Operation

Program Code Function Selectable Options Description

08 Low Voltage

Shutdown

48V Model Default

Setting: 42.0 48V model: 42.0V DC (default)

Setting range: 36V to 50V

Setting increase or decrease of 0.1V.

09

Solar Energy

Feed to Grid

Conguration

Disable (Default)

Solar energy feed to grid is disabled by default.

Enable

Solar energy feed to grid is enabled.

10 AC Charger

30A (Default) The AC charge rate can be set from 0A to 60A in 10A

increments.

Note: When set to 0A, if the Solar and Utility exist at the same

time, the solar energy will charge only the battery, and the load

will be powered by utility. The grid-tie function is not available in

this mode.

11

Single and Parallel

Conguration

Modes

Single (Default)

Single enable.

Single-Phase Parallel

Single-phase parallel enable.

A-Phase

A-Phase parallel enable.

B-Phase

B-Phase parallel enable.

C-Phase

C-Phase parallel enable.

Notes:

• When enabling 3-phase parallel, make sure A-phase is the host.

• After the parallel parameters have been modied, the device must be restarted to take

eect.

12 AC Input Voltage

Range

APL (Default) If selected, acceptable AC input voltage range will be

within 120-280V AC.

UPS If selected, acceptable AC input voltage range will be

within 170-280V AC.

19

4. Operation

Program Code Function Selectable Options Description

13

AC + Solar

Total Charging

Current

60A (Default)

The setting range is 10A to 90A adjusted in increments

of 10A.

14

Setting Voltage

Point to Battery

Mode

When Selecting

“SBU Priority” or

“PUL Priority” in

Program 01

48V model default

setting: 54.0V DC 48V model: 54.0V DC (default)

Setting range: 40V to 58V

Setting with increase or decrease of 0.1V.

15 Discharge Limited

Current

OFF: Default; discharge current limited disable.

Setting range: 10A to 200A setting increase or decrease

of 5A.

Notes:

• If operating in “PV priority mode” or “SBU priority mode”,

when the load is greater than the current limiting point, it will

automatically switch to utility mode.

• Discharge limit current only works in battery mode when the

load is greater than the current limiting point. The inverter will

shut down immediately.

16

Lithium Battery

Discharge Stop

(Factory Use Only)

Default: 6%

When the battery capacity of the lithium battery is lower

than the set point, the inverter stops discharging and

output will turn o.

Setting range: 1% to 60%, setting increase or decrease

of 1%.

17

Lithium Battery

Charge Stop

(Factory Use Only)

Default: 96%

When the battery capacity of the lithium battery is higher

than the set point, the inverter stops charging.

Setting range: 60% to 100%, setting increase or

decrease of 1%.

20

4. Operation

4.4 Parallel Operation

The APSWX4KP48VMPPT and APSWX6KP48VMPPT support up to nine parallel Inverter/Chargers in a single-phase or

3-Phase conguration.

4.4.1 Single-Phase Parallel Conguration

1. The Inverter/Charger should never share the same solar panel group that is connected to other sources.

2. Connect the parallel communication cables rst for line and power.

3. Set the parameters for each Inverter/Charger separately.

Warning! When working in parallel modes, the settings must be the same on every Inverter/Charger.

4. Once the parameters are set, turn each inverter ON.

Warning! Each group of PV modules can only be used by one inverter. Otherwise, it may damage the other

inverters.

Two inverters in parallel:

Power Connection

Communication Connection:

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Tripp Lite APSWX-Series Solar Sinewave Inverter Charger Le manuel du propriétaire

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