Tektronix P5210 Instructions Manual

Instructions

P5210

High-Voltage Differential Probe

070-9841-00

1

Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and

pending. Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously

published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

Printed in the U.S.A.

Tektronix, Inc., P.O. Box 1000, Wilsonville, OR 97070–1000

TEKTRONIX, TEK, and TEKPROBE are registered trademarks of

Tektronix, Inc.

P5210 Instructions

1

Table of Contents

General Safety Summary 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getting Started 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Features and Accessories 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Functional Check 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating Basics 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating the Probe Safely 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Minimizing Risk of RF Burn (probe leads) 12. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Maximum Input Limits 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating Characteristics and Probing Techniques 14. . . . . . . . . .

Operating Limits 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overrange Detection 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Common-Mode Rejection 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Twisting the Input Leads 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Probe Loading 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cleaning 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Warranted Characteristics 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Typical Characteristics 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nominal Characteristics 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

P5210 Instructions

General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent

damage to this product or any products connected to it.

Injury Precautions

Avoid Electric Overload. To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not apply

potential to any input, including the common inputs, that varies from

ground by more than the maximum rating for that input.

Avoid Electric Shock. To avoid injury or loss of life, connect the probe

output to a measurement instrument before connecting the test leads

to a voltage source. Do not disconnect the probe from the measure-

ment instrument while the test leads are connected to a voltage

source. Use only probe accessories that are rated for the application.

Avoid RF Burns While Handling Probe. To avoid RF burns, do not

handle the probe while the input leads are connected to circuits

above the voltage and frequency limits specified in Figure 2 on page

13. Use only probe accessories that are rated for the application.

Do Not Operate Without Covers. To avoid electric shock or fire hazard,

do not operate this product with covers or panels removed.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions. To avoid electric shock, do not

operate this product in wet or damp conditions.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere. To avoid injury or fire

hazard, do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere.

Keep Probe Surface Clean and Dry. To avoid electric shock and

erroneous readings, keep probe surface clean and dry.

Product Damage Precautions

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage

to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.

Do Not Immerse in Liquids. Clean the probe using only a damp cloth.

Refer to the cleaning instructions on page 16.

General Safety Summary

P5210 Instructions

3

Safety Terms and Symbols

Terms in This Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that

could result in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that

could result in damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you

read the marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as

you read the marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

Symbols on the Product. These symbols may appear on the product:

Protective Ground

(Earth) Terminal

ATTENTION

Refer to Manual

Double

Insulated

DANGER

High Voltage

Certifications and Compliances

Refer to the specifications section for a listing of certifications and

compliances that apply to this product.

4

P5210 Instructions

Getting Started

This section describes the P5210 High-Voltage Differential Probe

and gives instructions on how to install and functionally test the

probe.

Features and Accessories

The P5210 probe (Figure 1) provides a safe means of measuring

circuits with floating high voltages. The probe outputs a low-voltage,

ground-referenced signal for display on instruments with the

TekProbe interface (or any oscilloscope or other measurement

instrument when used with the Tektronix 1103 TekProbe power

supply).

The P5210 probe allows clear and accurate measurements of

high-speed transitions and provides excellent rejection of common-

mode signals. Both inputs have high impedance and low capaci-

tance. Because of these features, the probe can safely and accurately

measure the fast voltage transients in switching power devices

without risk of damage.

Other applications for the P5210 probe include testing high-voltage

motor control circuits and line connected circuits in switch-mode

power supplies.

The probe has a number of design features to protect you from high

voltage. This protection extends up to the full input rating of the

probe.

 The probe head and input cables are double insulated.

 The control buttons and probe housing are non-conductive and

isolated.

 The probe housing is internally shielded with a connection from

the shield to earth ground through the output cable.

Getting Started

P5210 Instructions

5



Figure 1: P5210 High-Voltage Differential Probe

Getting Started

6

P5210 Instructions

WARNING. To avoid shock or burn hazard, use only the standard

accessories or accessories that are rated for the application. Use the

P5210 accessories with this product only.

Keep your fingers behind the finger guard on the probe body

whenever possible to reduce the risk of a shock from the circuit under

test.

Differential Inputs. The inputs are CAT II rated to a

maximum of 2,200 V

RMS

between either input and

earth ground. They are also rated for a maximum

difference of 4,400 V

RMS

between the inputs with less

than 5,600 V

(DC

+

peak

AC)

) between the inputs or

between a single input and ground.

Attenuation Range. In the raised position the range

button sets the attenuation to 1,000X. In the lowered

position the range button sets the attenuation to 100X.

Use the 1,000X position for measurements up to a

maximum of 4,400 V

RMS

. Use the 100X position for

better signal resolution on connections below

440 V

RMS

.

Overrange Indicator. The overrange indicator lights red

if the voltage of the input signal exceeds the linear

operating range of the probe. When this happens, the

signal on the probe output does not accurately represent

the signal on the probe input.



Overrange Beeper. In the raised position the overrange

button sets the overrange beeper to sound whenever the

overrange indicator lights.

Bandwidth Select. In the raised position the bandwidth

button sets the full bandwidth (50 MHz). In the

lowered position the bandwidth is restricted to

approximately 5 MHz.

Getting Started

P5210 Instructions

7

Input Leads. The input leads of the differential probe

connect to the probe tips. The connectors are 4 mm

insulated banana plugs and are double insulated for

safety.

NOTE. Use only accessories that are rated to the

maximum input voltage under test.

TekProbe Interface. The TekProbe interface provides

power, signal, and probe characteristic data transfer.

If your oscilloscope does not support the TekProbe

interface, you can use the optional 1103 probe power

supply as an effective interface. Contact your local

Tektronix representative for more information.

Zero Adjust. Use the zero adjust to set the probe output

to the zero reference point prior to making measure-

ments. Use the adjustment tool provided.

Getting Started

8

P5210 Instructions

6-32 Probe Tip

Finger

Guard

Probe Body. The probe body is designed for personal

safety, ergonomic comfort, and signal fidelity. The

body is rated for the maximum input voltage of the

P5210 probe.

The probe tip is a 6–32 threaded post that accepts the

hook tips provided with the probe.

The finger guard provides protection when the hook

tips are not being used. Keep your fingers behind the

finger guard whenever possible to reduce the risk of a

shock from the circuit under test.

Use only accessories that are rated for the application.

Substitution of other accessories may create a shock or

burn hazard.

Keep the probe body and accessories clean to reduce

the risk of shock due to surface conduction. Refer to

page 16 for cleaning instructions.

Small Hook Tip. Use the small hook tip for making con-

nections to small conductors such as component leads.

The hook tip is rated for the maximum input voltage of

the P5210 probe.

Install the small hook tip by sliding it over the body of

the probe and screwing it onto the threaded probe tip

.

To use the tip, hold the probe body and pull the tip

shield back. Hook the tip onto the circuit and release

the shield.

Getting Started

P5210 Instructions

9

Large Hook Tip. Use the large hook tip when working

with larger components such as the bolt terminals and

bus bars typically found in power distribution equip-

ment. The hook tip is rated for the maximum input

voltage of the P5210 probe.

Install the large hook tip by sliding it over the body of

the probe and screwing it onto the threaded probe tip.

To use the tip, hold the probe body and pull the tip shield

back. Hook the tip onto the circuit and release the shield.

Soft Case. The soft case protects the probe and allows

you to hang the probe near the point of measurement.

Install or remove the case by opening the access flaps

on the back.

When not in use, coil the leads and secure them with

the strap on the back. Use one of the loops to hang the

probe on a storage hook or utility belt.

Color Marker Bands. When you are using more than one

probe, the bands enable you to quickly distinguish

between probes and the channels they are connected to.

To use the marker bands, attach one band near the

probe head and the matching band near the compensa-

tion box.

For a complete list of replaceable accessories and part ordering

information, refer to the service manual that accompanies this

product.

Getting Started

10

P5210 Instructions

Installation

Install the P5210 probe as follows:

1. Connect the output of the probe to the TekProbe input of the

oscilloscope or other measurement instrument. Make sure the

measurement instrument is properly grounded.

NOTE. Use the 1103 TekProbe Power supply if the instrument does

not have the TekProbe interface.

2. Select the proper range setting. For higher resolution and less

noise when measuring signals below 440 V

RMS

, switch the

attenuation to 100X. If the overrange indicator lights or flashes,

use the 1,000X setting or the output signal may not be accurate.

3. The probe output is adjusted to zero at the factory. Adjust the

probe output to zero only if you need to measure small

differential voltages. Follow steps a through c to make the

adjustment.

a. Let the probe warm up for at least 20 minutes.

b. Set the probe to the desired attenuation (100X or 1,000X)

c. Connect the input leads of the probe together. Insert the

adjustment tool in the access hole of the compensation

box and adjust the probe to the zero reference point.

If you are using this probe for the first time, read the General Safety

Summary on page 2 and Operating Basics on page 12 for important

safety information.

Getting Started

P5210 Instructions

11

Functional Check

To make a simple functional check of the P5210 probe, select a

source that supplies AC line voltage and use the following

procedure. This procedure verifies a majority of the circuitry within

the probe. (For a complete performance verification, refer to the

service manual that accompanies this product.)

1. Use the installation procedure starting on page 10 to connect the

output of the P5210 probe to a measurement instrument.

2. See Table 1 on page 11. Connect the inputs, set the range, and

perform the check as each line of Table 1 indicates.

Table 1: Functional Check

Mode

Range

Setting

Input 1

(+ or –)

Input 2

(– or +)

Check

Differential 100X or

1,000X

H

ot

Ground or

Neutral

Measurement instrument

displays or indicates the line

voltage

Common

Mode

100X or

1,000X

Hot (same

connection)

No signal

This completes the functional check procedure.

12

P5210 Instructions

Operating Basics

To help you use the P5210 High-Voltage Differential Probe safely

and effectively, this section provides important information about

safety limits, operating characteristics, and probing techniques.

Operating the Probe Safely

Before connecting the inputs of the probe to a circuit, read the safety

information in this section and attach the appropriate accessories to

the input connectors of the probe.

NOTE. To avoid shock or fire hazard, use only accessories that are

rated for the application.

Minimizing Risk of RF Burn (probe leads)

WARNING. To avoid personal injury, do not handle the probe leads

when the leads are connected to a source that is above the voltage

and frequency limits given in Figure 2 on page 13. The area above

these limits poses a risk of radio frequency (RF) burns.

If you need to use the probe within the risk area for RF burn, turn

power off to the source before connecting or disconnecting the probe

leads. Do not handle the input leads while the circuit is active.

Maximum Input Limits

To prevent damage to the probe, you must observe both the peak and

RMS ratings. (The rating for DC voltage is the same as the rating for

RMS voltage.) You must also observe the ratings between the

differential inputs and between each input and earth ground.

Operating Basics

P5210 Instructions

13

CAUTION. To avoid damaging the input circuitry of the P5210 probe,

do not apply voltage that is more than 2,200 V

RMS

between either

input and earth ground or more than 4,400 V

RMS

between the inputs.

In addition, the peak voltage must be less than 5,600 V

(DC

+

peak

AC)

between the inputs.

Above 1.5 MHz, the voltage limit decreases as frequency increases.

See Figure 2. The input limit applies to both the 100X and 1,000X

settings.

Voltage

(RMS)

1000V

100V

DC or 0 10M1M

Frequency (Hz)

5M 50M

500V

50V

100k 500k

Category II maximum

voltage limit (2,200 V)

RF burn risk area

(shaded)

Voltage derating

with frequency

4000V

Figure 2: Safety Limits (voltage between either input and earth ground)

Operating Basics

14

P5210 Instructions

Operating Characteristics and Probing Techniques

This section explains the operating characteristics of the P5210

High-Voltage Differential Probe along with techniques you can use

to maximize the performance of the probe.

Operating Limits

The P5210 probe has two operating ranges that you select with the

ATTENUATION button on the front panel: 1,000 X and 100X. These

ranges set the maximum differential voltage that can be measured.

 In the 100X position, the probe can measure differential voltages

≤ 560 V

(DC

+

peak

AC)

.

 In the 1,000X position, the probe can measure differential

voltages ≤ 5,600 V

(DC

+

peak

AC)

.

Always insure that the input voltages never exceed 2,200 V

RMS

from

either input to ground or 4,400 V

RMS

between the inputs.

Overrange Detection

Differential voltage outside the operating range will overdrive the

circuitry of the probe and distort the output signal. When this

differential overrange occurs, the probe detects the condition and

lights the overrange indicator. With the Audible Overrange ON, the

probe will also emit an audible alarm.

NOTE. Common-mode voltage greater than 2,200 V can distort the

output signal, but the probe will not indicate an overrange condition.

Common-Mode Rejection

The common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is the specified ability of

P5210 probe to reject signals that are common to both inputs. More

precisely, CMRR is the ratio of the differential gain to the common-

mode gain. The higher the ratio, the greater the ability of probe to

reject common-mode signals. For detailed specifications, see

pages 17 and 20.

Operating Basics

P5210 Instructions

15

Common mode rejection decreases as the input frequency increases.

Figure 4 on page 21 is a plot of typical CMRR of the probe versus

input frequency. For example, if you apply a 60 Hz line voltage of

500 V

P-P

to both input leads of the probe, the probe rejects the signal

by 80 dB (typical) and the signal appears as only a 50 mV

P-P

signal

on the oscilloscope screen.

Twisting the Input Leads

Twisting the input leads as shown in Figure 3 helps to cancel noise

that is induced into the input leads and to improve the high-frequen-

cy response of the inputs.

Figure 3: Twisting the Input Leads

Probe Loading

When you touch your probe tip to a circuit element, you are

introducing a new resistance, capacitance, and inductance into the

circuit.

Frequency and impedance of the source determine how much the

probe loads the circuit you are measuring. As the frequency of the

source starts to increase beyond 1 kHz, the input impedance of the

probe begins to decrease. The lower the impedance of the probe

relative to that of the source, the more the probe loads the circuit

under test. For a graph of frequency versus input impedance, refer to

Figure 5 on page 22. As the graph shows, the probe has virtually no

loading effect on sources with relatively low impedance and low

frequency.

Operating Basics

16

P5210 Instructions

Cleaning

Remove dirt with a soft cloth dampened in a mild detergent and

water solution or isopropyl alcohol.

CAUTION. To avoid damaging the probe, use only a mild detergent

and water solution or isopropyl alcohol, do not use any other

solvents or abrasive cleaners. Do not immerse the probe.

P5210 Instructions

17

Specifications

The specifications in Tables 2 through 6 apply to a P5210 probe

installed on a Tektronix TDS 460A oscilloscope. When the probe is

used with another oscilloscope, the oscilloscope must have an input

impedance of 1 MW and a bandwidth greater than 200 MHz.

The probe must have a warm-up period of at least 20 minutes and be

in an environment that does not exceed the limits described in

Table 2.

Specifications for the P5210 probe fall into three categories:

warranted, typical, and nominal characteristics.

Warranted Characteristics

Warranted characteristics (Tables 2 and 3) describe guaranteed

performance within tolerance limits or certain type-tested require-

ments. Warranted characteristics that have checks in the Perfor-

mance Verification procedure appear in boldface type. The

Performance Verification procedure appears in the P5210 Service

Manual (070-9895-XX, English only).

Table 2: Warranted Electrical Characteristics

DC Common Mode Rejection Ratio

> 3000:1 at 500 VDC, 20–30_ C, <70% RH

Bandwidth DC to 50 MHz (–3dB)

Gain Accuracy

± 3% at 20–30_ C, <70% RH

Specifications

18

P5210 Instructions

Table 2: Warranted Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)

Max

im

u

m

r

a

te

d

i

n

p

u

t

volt

ag

e

(Refer to Figure 2 on page 13)

probe tip to probe tip

4.4 kV

RMS

1

, Category I & II

k

S

1

, C te or III

probe tip to earth

1

k

V

RM

S

1

,

C

a

te

g

or

y

III

5.6 kV

(DC

+

peak

AC)

2

2.2 kV

RMS

1

, Category I & II

1 kV

RMS

1

, Category III

Temperature

3

Operating: 0 to 40_ C

Nonoperating: –30 to +70_ C

Humidity

3

Operating: <85% RH at or below +35_ C

Nonoperating: <85% RH at or below

+60_ C

1

The rating for DC voltage is the same as the rating for RMS voltage.

2

The input voltage must not exceed this peak rating or the RMS rating.

3

Tektronix Design Standard 062-2847-00

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